- POTENTIAL INDICATIONS: for calcium supplementation, including osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemic rickets, hypoparathyroidism, and hypocalcaemia due to chronic kidney disease (CKD).
The most common indication for calcium supplementation is to prevent or slow down osteoporosis.
Regulation of energy metabolism: high-calcium diets reduce the accumulation of adipocyte lipids and weight gain in high-energy diets by increasing lipolysis and preserving thermogenesis during caloric restriction, thus promoting weight loss.
- CONTRAINDICATIONS - renal insufficiency or chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a history of calcium-containing kidney stones.
- MECHANISM OF ACTION - Calcium is absorbed in the first intestinal tract (duodenum). Calcium levels are regulated by several signalling molecules, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and calcitonin. We need calcium for several bodily functions. Calcium forms an important component of our bones and teeth. In addition, various calcium channels are involved in constricting and relaxing blood vessels, muscles, nerve action potentials, and cardiac electrophysiology. Calcium ions are also an important component of blood clotting pathways.
- DOSAGE - Calcium carbonate depends on the acidic environment of the stomach for adequate absorption and must be taken with food. NRV 800 mg/day, max. 1200 mg
Excessive calcium consumption (>2000 mg or more) may cause gastrointestinal effects (e.g. constipation, cramps, nausea, and vomiting).
- CALCIUM AND SPORT - exercise may increase calcium loss. For example, Dressendorfer [4] et al. examined the effects of intense 10-week resistance training, including volume, interval, and reduction phases, on serum and urinary mineral levels. They found that urinary calcium increased and serum calcium decreased below the clinical norm after the high-intensity training phase, but these changes were reversed after the recovery phase. Therefore, it appears that calcium excretion can be increased with high-intensity training. Inadequate calcium intake and increased calcium loss may predispose osteoporosis. This may be particularly true in women who develop the female athlete triad (disordered eating, amenorrhoea, and osteoporosis).
The most common indication for calcium supplementation is to prevent or slow down osteoporosis.
Regulation of energy metabolism: high-calcium diets reduce the accumulation of adipocyte lipids and weight gain in high-energy diets by increasing lipolysis and preserving thermogenesis during caloric restriction, thus promoting weight loss.
- CONTRAINDICATIONS - renal insufficiency or chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a history of calcium-containing kidney stones.
- MECHANISM OF ACTION - Calcium is absorbed in the first intestinal tract (duodenum). Calcium levels are regulated by several signalling molecules, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and calcitonin. We need calcium for several bodily functions. Calcium forms an important component of our bones and teeth. In addition, various calcium channels are involved in constricting and relaxing blood vessels, muscles, nerve action potentials, and cardiac electrophysiology. Calcium ions are also an important component of blood clotting pathways.
- DOSAGE - Calcium carbonate depends on the acidic environment of the stomach for adequate absorption and must be taken with food. NRV 800 mg/day, max. 1200 mg
Excessive calcium consumption (>2000 mg or more) may cause gastrointestinal effects (e.g. constipation, cramps, nausea, and vomiting).
- CALCIUM AND SPORT - exercise may increase calcium loss. For example, Dressendorfer [4] et al. examined the effects of intense 10-week resistance training, including volume, interval, and reduction phases, on serum and urinary mineral levels. They found that urinary calcium increased and serum calcium decreased below the clinical norm after the high-intensity training phase, but these changes were reversed after the recovery phase. Therefore, it appears that calcium excretion can be increased with high-intensity training. Inadequate calcium intake and increased calcium loss may predispose osteoporosis. This may be particularly true in women who develop the female athlete triad (disordered eating, amenorrhoea, and osteoporosis).
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